论汉画像牛首人身神怪形象中的母崇拜和土地崇拜

On Mother Worship and Earth Worship Exhibited in Han Portraitures of Gods with Ox Head and Human Body

汉画像艺术中牛首人身神怪形象体现了汉代人对母的崇拜。汉代人认为牛是阴性、母性的动物。在汉画像中出现的牛头人身神怪的神性之一就是沟通阴阳,而另一个便是从母崇拜中延伸出的土地崇拜,预示着生命的循环,反映了古人希望土地多产、家业兴盛等愿望。

In Han Protraitures,the image of gods with ox head and human body manifests that people in Han Dynasty worshiped mother.In their eyes,ox is a combining animal of both female and mother.One of the divine powers of these gods is that it is able to connect famle（yin） and male（yang）.Another is earth worship obtained from mother worship,bespeaking circle of life and indicating ancients＇ cravings for bumper crops and household prosperity.