水生植物塘预处理巢湖源水中试研究

Pretreatment of Chaohu Lake Source Water by Hydrophyte Pond

利用水生植物(水花生和水葫芦)塘预处理富营养化的巢湖源水,考察了其对巢湖源水的净化能力。结果表明:在HRT约为3 d的条件下,水花生的长势不理想,而水葫芦生长繁殖较快、对水体起主要净化作用;在水葫芦正常生长情况下,植物塘对巢湖源水中的藻类去除效果很好,平均去除率在85%左右,其中对含量最多的微囊藻(90%以上)的去除率高达95%;对源水中的氨氮、总磷、CODMn等均有一定的去除效果,平均去除率分别为36%、47%和38%,出水浓度均低于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)的Ⅲ类标准限值;另外,植物塘对源水的其他指标也有一定的去除作用,通过对出水的29项指标进行全面分析,表明出水水质基本达到了GB 3838—2002的Ⅲ类标准。

The hydrophyte pond planted with Alternanthera philoxeroides and Eichhorinia Crassipes was used to pretreat source water from Chaohu Lake, and its purification capacity was investigated. The results show that at HRT of 3 days, the growth of Alternanthera philoxeroides is non-ideal, but Eichhorinia Crassipes grows rapidly and has a major purification effect on water. Under the normal growth of Eichhorinia Crassipes, the removal efficiency of algae is excellent, and the average removal rate is about 85%, in which that of Microcystis accounting for more than 90% is 95%. The average removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, TP and CODM. are 36% , 47% and 38% respectively, and their effluent concentra- tions are all below the class m criteria specified in Environmental Quality Standards for Suoface Water （GB 3838 -2002）. In addition, other pollutants can be also removed to a certain extent. The compre- hensive analysis of 29 indexes indicates that the effluent quality basically reaches the class III criteria.