稻草调理剂的掺量对污泥堆肥的影响研究

Effect of Straw Additives on Sewage Sludge Composting

将污泥与稻草按照不同比例混合进行好氧堆肥,研究了其温度、含水率、有机质、pH、总氮、碱解氮、总磷、有效磷、发芽指数等指标参数的变化规律,并确定了最佳堆肥方案。试验结果表明:①由稻草含量与各营养指标之间的Spearman相关系数分析结果可知,总氮含量与稻草含量呈负相关,总氮的损失率比较高,应该采取保氮措施。在0.01水平下,碱解氮、总磷和有效磷含量分别与稻草含量呈极显著正相关;在0.05水平下,总磷和有效磷呈显著正相关。②随稻草含量、微生物活性的增加,非碱解氮转化成碱解氮的速率提高,同时堆体内有机质分解速率加快,总磷和有效磷的含量增加。③堆肥完成后,各产品的种子发芽指数均大于80%,对植物生长的抑制较小,且稻草含量为9%时的发芽指数>100%,堆肥产品对植物的生长起到了促进作用。④经过36d的堆肥试验研究,测定并比较了各个物理、化学和生物指标,发现堆肥效果最好且满足堆肥各项标准的最佳配比方案是稻草含量为9%。

The change laws of temperature, moisture, organic matter, pH, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, germination index in aerobic composting with mix- ture of sludge and straw with different ratios were investigated, and the optimal composting project was determined. The results show that： （1） Through the analysis of Spearman correlation coefficient between straw content and nutrition indexes, there is a negative correlation between total nitrogen and straw content. The loss rate of total nitrogen is relatively high, and measures should be taken to reserve nitrogen. At 0.01 level, the available nitrogen, total phosphorus and available phosphorus have highly significant positive correlation with straw content respectively. At 0.05 level, there is a significantly positive correlation between total phosphorus and available phosphorus; （2） With the increasing of straw content and microbial activity, the transformation rate of non-available nitrogen into available nitrogen is increased, at the same time, the accelerated decomposition rate of organic matter leads to the increase in total phos- phorus and available phosphorus; （3） After composting, all the germination indexes are greater than 80%, which slightly inhibits the growth of plants. The germination index of straw content at 9% is greater than 100% , so the composting products promote growth of plants ; （4） Through 36 d experimental study and analysis of the various physical, chemical and biological indicators, it is found that the optimal ratio of straw is 9%.