对现行大学英语教学目标的反思

A Critical Review of the Objectives in College English Curriculum Requirements

教学目标指出了教学的主攻方向,并制约着教学活动的全过程。在当今社会变革和经济全球化的大背景下,现行大学英语教学目标的局限性日渐突显。它以提升英语技能为核心,以语言技能的训练替代语言能力培养;语言仅被看成交际工具,认知功能被忽略,造成教学中思辨能力缺席;教学内容"幼稚化"、非系统化,大学英语不能挑战智力、激发创造力,反而挫败了学生的学习积极性,大学英语课程成了削减对象。因此,大学英语教学目标除了语言技能,还应该涵盖三个层面:(1)语言综合应用能力,即语言知识、语篇能力、语用能力、语体能力和策略能力;(2)综合认知能力,即语言能力、思维能力、感知能力、记忆能力等;(3)以全球意识、国际化观念和国际交往能力为内容的多元文化素养。

Teaching objectives guide the direction of teaching, by which the whole process of teaching activities is conditioned. With the drastic social changes and economic globalization, the limitations of the current College English objectives have gradually revealed themselves. In College English teaching practice great importance has been attached to language skills that have eventually replaced language competence; The concept that a language is a tool of communication, not a tool of cognition, results in the absence of critical thinking skills; Instead of challenging their intelligence or stimulating their creativity, the ＂immature＂ and non-systematic contents frustrate students now and then and their enthusiasm for English loses. Therefore, in addition to language skills, College English objectives should cover the following three aspects： （1） language competence, including knowledge of the language, textual competence, pragmatic competence, linguistic competence and strategic competence; （2） integrated cognitive competence, like language skills, critical thinking skills, perception and ability to remember things, etc.; （3） multi-cultural qualities： global awareness, global perspective and international communicative skills.