底层经验与底层视角——对王祥夫小说《寻死无门》的一种解读

Experience and perspective of the civilian population——Interpretation of Wang Xiang-fu’s novel "Xun Si Wu Men"

"底层叙事",是随着社会转型而逐渐形成的一股以底层视角来呈示现实、关注民生的文学思潮。王祥夫是书写底层经验的代表作家之一,他的小说大多以转型时期的焦点、难点问题为背景,冷峻地叙述"底层"特有的痛感经验,在深化主题的同时传达出话语的多个意义向度。以文化学、叙事学的角度寻绎《寻死无门》,其叙事所建构的底层经验中的多个意义向度统一于对社会转型合法性进程的理性认识及对底层真实窘境关注的吁求两方面。"底层叙事"实质上已显示出通过"底层经验"中生存伦理的呈示来进一步建构作家自己话语伦理的趋向。

Along with the social transformation of China, ＂The story of the civilian population＂ is a literature trend which has been emerged, of which the story is always focusing on public＇s life and difficult problems during the transition period. These stories reflect the real life of the civilians, at the same time, convey the significance of multi-dimensional. Wang Xiang-fu is such a typical writer, whose novels focus on the people＇s hard lives and experiences. In his fiction of＂Xun Si Wu Men （No Way For His Death）＂, there are two aspects emphasized, one is the rational recognize on the legitimacy of the process of social transformation, the other is the civilian population＇s dilemma of the real life. ＂Xun Si Wu Men＂ shows the civilian＇s hard life and intends to present the writer＇s own viewpoints about the real life and discourse ethics.