从阮籍到李白:游侠类诗歌传统的定型

From Ruan Ji to Li Bai:the Figuration and Evolvement of Ancient Tradition of the Ranger Poetry

游侠是战国到汉初社会动荡的产物。游侠诗则是传统诗歌的重要类型之一。建安时期士人普遍具有强烈的建功立业愿望,以曹植为代表的游侠类诗歌应运而生。曹植的游侠诗将少年任侠、追求个体自由的模式与忠君爱国思想结合起来,深刻影响了后世游侠诗歌的创作。阮籍此类诗歌中表现了对游侠建立功名之梦的清醒认识,主张退而在文学作品中彰显理想人格和精神自由。李白游侠诗作开创了"功成身退"模式,是对以上两种传统的继承及融合。

Rangers appeared between the Warring States Period and the Han Dynasty as a result of social unrest.Ranger poetry is an important type of the traditional poetry.The scholars have strong desire to make contributions and achievements in the Jian＇an period,and then the ranger poetry represented by Cao Zhi was created.Cao Zhi＇s poetry combined the chivalry,literalism and nationalism,and influenced later ranger poetry writing profoundly.Ruan Ji＇s ranger poetry expressed a clearer view of the contributions and achievements.His opinion was that the scholars should implement the spiritual freedom and perfect personality in literature.Finally,in Li Bai＇s ranger poetry,he claimed that people are to make the great achievements first and then live in seclusion.This is a great amalgamation of two kinds of traditions hereinbefore.