农村面源污染现状与防治

Current situation and countermeasures of rural non-point source pollution

针对农村面源污染的危害日益凸显,已成为中国生态环境恶化的重要原因之一的现状,以葫芦岛市为实例,对农村畜禽养殖、化肥和农药、农业和生活废弃物等面源污染情况进行了调查。分析了这些面源污染对农业生态环境的影响,提出了包括走现代化农业道路、调整优化农业结构、提高肥料利用率、加强农药管理、发展病虫草鼠综合生物防治技术、加强对农村生活和"白色污染"治理等防治面源污染的措施。

The hazards of rural non-point source pollution have become increasingly prominent with the continuous development of rural economy. One of the important reasons for ecological deterioration is rural non-point pollution. In this paper, the research object is Huludao city. The pollution conditions of livestock breeding, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and rural wastes are investigated. Its impact on the agricultural ecological environment is analyzed. The following countermeasures are proposed to control non-point source pollution： take the road of modern agriculture, adjust and optimize the agricultural structure, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, strengthen pesticide management, develop integrated control technology for diseases and mouse control, enhance rural life pollution, and strengthen the ＂white pollution＂ control.