脂肪酰化葡糖胺表面活性剂的合成与表面活性研究

Synthesis and Surface Activities of Acyl Glucosamine Surfactants

利用甲壳素的完全降解产物葡糖胺盐酸盐分别与辛酰氯、癸酰氯、月桂酰氯、肉豆蔻酰氯在水-丙酮的混合溶剂中进行反应,合成了4种不同碳链长度的两亲性化合物：N-辛酰化葡糖胺、N-癸酰化葡糖胺、N-月桂酰化葡糖胺、N-肉豆蔻酰化葡糖胺。采用红外光谱和N元素含量分析对产物进行了初步表征。测定了4种合成产物在25℃下的表面张力曲线。结果表明,4种合成产物均表现出良好的表面活性,其临界胶束浓度在1×10^-5-1×10^-4mol.L^-1范围内,最低表面张力达28.8-35.3 mN.m^-1。

Four acyl glucosamine surfactants were synthesized by reacting glucosamine hydrochloride（GAH） derived from chitin in a mixed water-acetone medium with octanoyl chloride,capryl chloride,dodecanoyl chloride and myristoyl chloride,respectively.The obtained products were characterized by IR and nitrogen content analysis.And the surface tensions（γcmc） of the obtained products were determined.The results show that all the four acyl glucosamine surfactants are of good surface activity,the critical micelle concentration（cmc） values are 1×10^-5 — 1×10^-4 mol·L^-1,the minimum surface tension（γcmc） values are 28.8 — 35.3 mN·m^-1 at 25 ℃.