基于生态足迹的建设项目评价与实证分析

Ecological Footprint Model of Construction Projects and its Case Analysis

文章基于生态足迹分析法的概念及计算理论,提出了建设项目生态足迹概念,构建了建设项目生态足迹及生态承载力的计算模型。该模型将建设项目分为三个阶段:建设阶段、运行阶段和拆除阶段,其中建设阶段分为人工生态足迹、材料生态足迹和机械生态足迹三类。为增强方法的实用性和操作性,定义了单元生态足迹,并与现行工程预算保持口径统一。并以北京大学体育馆为例进行实证分析,得出该项目生态足迹约是生态承载力的2倍,表明存在少量赤字。对此,结合模型为减少建设项目的生态足迹提出了针对性的建议。结果表明,该模型具有较好的理论意义和实用价值,为建设项目生态评价开辟了一条新的探索之路。

In this paper, based on the concept and computational theory of the ecological footprint analysis method, concepts of ecological footprint regarding construction project are proposed, and calculating models are built. In this model, construction project is divided into three phases ： construction, operation and weeding. Ecological footprint can be divided into three categories： man, material and machine. To enhance the practicality and operability, the model defines unit ecological footprint, and maintain uniform caliber with the current pro- ject budget. Peking University Gymnasium is analyzed as a practical case, and ecological footprint was about 2 times of its ecological cartying capacity, under a status of a little deficit. In order to reduce the ecological footprint of construction projects, comments are proposed for this model. The results show that the model has good theoretical and practical value, and a new path of exploration for the ecological assessment of construction projects has been opened up.