链格孢霉培养粮拟致雏鸡克山病、大骨节病模型的实验报告

AN EXPERIMENTAL REPORT CONCERNING THE REPRODUCTION OF KESHAN DISEASE AND KASCHIN-BECK DISEASE MODELS IN CHICKENS USING A FEED CULTURED ALTERNARIA

目的:克山病和大骨节病的病因至今都不明了。本文将病区小麦中检出的优势菌链格孢霉产毒株扩增培养,以此培养粮47％的饲料(内含AOH65.19μg/g)致雏鸡模型实验,为该真菌毒素中毒说的评估提供依据。结果:①实验组除体重增长慢、羽毛光泽度差外,它如软骨生化3组分,胫骨上骺软骨增殖层上界至干骺端顶部厚度,股骨重量、长度和横径乃至胫骨上部组织学所见皆与对照组的无明显差异;②实验组肝、心、肾未见浊肿、脂变及坏死等;③实验组肝GSH—Px活性和Cytp-450量未降低、MDA量不增加。结论:以11.6mg.AOH/kg.BW.d染毒剂量实验28天,未能引发出雏鸡任何类似克山病或大骨节病的病变,也未见重要器官明显病变或中毒迹象。链格孢霉素与克、大两病发病是否相关需另做进一步的探讨。

The causes of both Keshan disease(KSD) and Kaschin - Beck disease(KBD) are unknown as yet. A preponderant fungus cultured from wheat in diseased areas was an alternaria. The toxic strains of them were propagated again. Using the feed (containing 47 % altemaria - propagated food and AOH 65. 19μg/g) to reproduce an experimental model of KSD or KBD in chickens were performed , so that some evidences were provided to evaluate the hypotheses that the causes of both KSD and KBD might be toxicoses of alternariatoxins. Results:① In the experimental group, there were no significant difference from control group, such as three biochemical tissue elements of cartilage, the thickness from upper - border of prolifirative zone of epiphyseal cartilage to top of metaphysis in upper art of tibia, the weight, length and transverse diameter of femur, and the results of histologic observation at upper part of tibia, except that the weight increased slower and luster of plume was worse in entirety. ② No cloudy swelling, fatty degeneration, necrosis and so on were seen in livers, hearts and kidneys, and ③ There were no decrease in the activity of GSH - Px and the amount of Cyt P - 450, and no increase in the amount of MDA in experimental group. Conclusions: When 11. 6mg·AOH/kg·BW ·d was used for 28 days, no change similar to KSD or KBD was induced and no significant lesion of toxic indication were seen in important organs of experimental chickens. The question whether there is relationship between alternaria - toxins and attack of KSD or KBD or not must be explored further.