植物耐盐基因工程研究进展

Research progress on plant salt stress tolerance genetic engineering

盐害是农作物减产的主要因素,提高作物的耐盐性是提高全球粮食产量的基础。文章较系统地概述了植物盐胁迫信号传导通路研究现状,植物耐盐基因的挖掘,包括基于EST数据库的基因挖掘、通过转录谱确定胁迫响应基因以及应用转基因手段确定基因在胁迫耐受机制中的功能。同时系统阐述了各类耐盐基因的应用,包括渗透调节物质合成酶基因、氧胁迫相关基因、离子转运相关基因、编码转录因子的调节基因、感应和传导胁迫信号的蛋白激酶基因和其他调控序列。文章还对植物耐盐基因工程研究的现状进行了分析和提出建议,对进行植物基因工程研究工作具有参考价值和指导意义。

The salt stress is a major factor affecting the crop production so that improving the salt tolerance of crops is the foundation for global food production.This review provided an overview on the signaling pathway of plant salt tolerance and the discovery of salt stress-related genes,which included the discovery of genes based on EST datasets,and the identification of stress-responsive gene by transcript profiling and genes function in stress tolerance mechanisms identified through transgenic approaches.It also systematically discussed the application of salt stress-related genes,such as osmotic adjustment synthase genes,oxidation stress-related genes,ion transportation related genes,regulated genes encoding transcription factors and protein kinase genes which inducted and transducted the stress signal and other regulated sequences.Meanwhile,it analyzed current situations and proposed suggestions on plant salt tolerant genetic engineering.The review will provide the basis for plant salt tolerant genetic engineering researches.