再论胡瑗的大中之道

On Hu Yuan's the Doctrine of "Dazhong"

"中"是胡瑗理学思想的重要基础。纵观胡瑗的所有论述,无不显示其"中道"的底蕴。他把"中"看成是"正"的前提,无论是谈自然,还是言人事,都离不开一个"中"字。胡瑗一方面继承了中庸之道,另一方面又发明创造把中庸之道改造为"大中之道"。他把天下为公看是"大中之道"的前提,认为守"中"必须以天下为重,以民众为重;把刚柔相济看是"大中之道"的本质要求,强调顺时顺势、有刚有柔、动静有常;同时他认为"大中之道"具有灵活性的特征,不能死守"中道",特殊情况可以特殊处理。

＂Zhong＂ is an important basis for the science thinking of Hu Yuan.Throughout all the discussion of him,without exception,it shows the core of them.He is positive in looking at the premise,eitheron natural ormade by personnel,and is inseparable from the word.Hu Yuan inherited the doctrine of the mean on one side.On the otherside,he creatively changed the middle way to ＂dazhong＂,in which he regarded for the world as the premise of it.In his opinion,to keep ＂zhong＂,one must take the world as the most important,take people as the most important,and take hardness and softness as the essential requirement.Meanwhile he thought there are just a flexible,dynamic and static features in the doctrine of ＂dazhong＂,that is,one can not hang on it.There may have special treatment in special circumstances.