绝经早期和绝经晚期小鼠主动脉病理改变及雌激素受体表达的对比研究

Pathological Changes and Estrogen Receptor Expression in Early or Late Menopause Mouse Aorta

目的探讨绝经早期和绝经晚期小鼠主动脉的病理改变及雌激素受体表达的差异性。方法 20只9～10月龄C57BL/6J雌性小鼠去势,建立绝经模型,随机抽取10只1周后处死,另外10只3个月后处死取主动脉组织,分为绝经早期组和晚期组,运用透射电镜观察小鼠主动脉超微结构,并随机抽取绝经早期和晚期小鼠主动脉各4只,运用免疫组化方法检测主动脉雌激素受体ERα和ERβ。结果透射电镜发现绝经早期组小鼠主动脉中有仅1例存在内皮细胞的损伤,空泡样变;绝经晚期组均有不同程度的内皮细胞损伤,空泡样变,并出现肿胀、浓缩,包膜不完整,甚至内弹力板破坏。绝经早期小鼠主动脉ERα的表达高于绝经晚期小鼠,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而ERβ的表达与绝经晚期小鼠差别相对不明显,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论绝经晚期小鼠主动脉病理改变较绝经早期明显,不同绝经时期小鼠主动脉雌激素受体的表达不同。

Objective To investigate the pathological changes and estrogen receptor expression in early or late menopause mouse aorta.Methods Twenty 9～10-month-old C57BL/ 6J female mice were castrated and randomly-selected 10 were killed after 1 week （ early menopause group） and another 10 after 3 months （late menopause group） to obtain aortic tissues from all mice.The ultrastructure of mouse aorta were observed by transmission electron microscopy,then 4 mice were extracted from each group to detect aortic estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ by immunohistochemical method.Results Through transmission electron microscopy,aortic endothelial cell injury and vacuolar degeneration existed in only 1 mouse in early menopause group,but existed in all mice in late menopause group,presenting with swelling,concentration,incomplete envelop,or even damaged internal elastic laminae.The expression of aortic ERαwas higher in early menopause group than in late,the difference was significant （P0.05）,but no significant difference in ERβwas noted （P0.05）.Conclusion The pathological changes are more obvious in late menopause mice than in early,and the estrogen receptor expressions are different in mice in varying menopause periods.