系统健康教育与心理干预对哮喘患者抑郁和躯体症状的影响

Effects of Systematical Health Education and Psychosocial Intervention on Depressive Mood and Somatic Symptoms of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

目的探讨健康教育与心理干预对哮喘患者抑郁和躯体症状的影响,为推行健康教育及心理干预提供参考依据。方法采用目的抽样法选取2007年3月至2008年3月某院确诊的48例支气管哮喘伴抑郁的患者,按随机数字表法将其分为干预组(n=24)和对照组(n=24);对照组患者给予常规药物治疗、健康教育及心理干预;干预组患者在常规药物治疗的基础上进行系统地健康教育及心理干预,总疗程3个月。治疗前后两组患者均采用抑郁自评量表(self-rating depressivescale,SDS)、汉密顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression rating scale,HRSD)进行评估,并对患者躯体症状改善情况进行分析。结果支气管哮喘患者中治疗前合并抑郁者占60%(48/80)。经过健康教育与心理支持治疗3个月后,两组患者的SDS、HRSD评分均低于治疗前(均P<0.05),且干预组与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。干预组患者的躯体症状改善情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论支气管哮喘患者常合并抑郁,健康教育与心理干预不仅有助于支气管哮喘患者改善抑郁症状,而且有益于患者躯体症状的改善。

Objective To investigate the effects of health education and psychosocial intervention on depressive mood and somatic symptoms of patients with bronchial asthma so as to provide theoretical basis for the implementation of health education and psychological intervention.Methods Forty-eight patients with bronchial asthma combined with depression from March 2007 to March 2008 were selected with purpose sampling method,and then the 48 patients with depressive mood were randomly divided into interventional group（n=24） and control group（n=24）.In the 3 months＇ treatment,the control group received conventional medical treatment,health education and psychological intervention,while the interventional group received systematical health education and psychological intervention based on conventional medical treatment.All the patients in the two groups were assessed with self-rating depressive scale（SDS） and Hamilton depression rating scale（HRSD） before and after the intervention.The assessments on the improvement of physical symptoms were also conducted.Results The onset rate of depressive mood of the patients with asthma was 60%（48/80）.After 3 months of health education and psychological intervention,all the patients＇ depressive index reduced significantly from baseline（P0.05）.The difference between the interventional and the control group had statistical significance（P0.05）.The improvement of somatic symptoms were significantly superior in the interventional group than those in the control group（P0.05）.Conclusion Depressive mood is common in patients with asthma.Health education and psychological intervention are not only helpful for the improvement of the depressive mood,but also beneficial to the recovery of physical symptoms.