家兔面神经撞击伤后的组织病理学改变

Histopathological study on facial nerve injury by striking in rabbits

目的：研究面神经遭到撞击后的组织病理学改变。方法：采用撞击枪撞击兔面神经，建立了不同撞击条件下的损伤模型，伤后于不同时间取材，切片行ＨＥ，Ｗｅｉｌ及Ｂｉｅｌｓｃｈｏｗｓｋｙ改良法染色观察轴突，髓鞘，雪旺氏细胞及周围结缔组织变化。结果：１，撞击面神经总干，动物可因颅脑损伤而死亡。２，面神经颊面干可受撞击而致伤，软组织可起缓冲作用而减轻面神经损伤程度。３，撞击可造成面神经Ｉ度损伤，病理表现与挤压伤近似，但伤后神经周围血管有弥漫性血栓形成，这是其损伤特点，且血管的再通与面神经的恢复在时间上具有同一性。结论：该研究为面神经撞击伤提供了病理学依据，所用撞击枪简便易行，重复性好，也为研究动物撞击伤提供了一种新的试验工具。

Objective: To study the histopathological changes of facial nerves after injury by striking. Methods: Facial nerve injury model was established by striking on buccal branches in 34 rabbits with a striking gun, histopathological changes at various time and under different striking conditions were studied. Results: Striking on the main branch of the facial nerve caused death of the animals because of serious craniocerebral trauma. Striking on the buccal branches resulted in inury, the soft tissure around the nerves could reduce the injury degree of the facial nerve. Striking could created degree injury, the histopathological changes of the injuried nerves were simillar to those caused by crush injury.There were pervasive thrombosis in the blood vessels around the nerve. Recover of injured nerve was found with recover of the thrombozed blood vessels. Conclusion: This experiment provided histopathological bases and a new tool to the striking injury.