南京国民政府刑事自诉制度述论

A Review of the Institution of Private Prosecution of Nanjing KMT Government

南京国民政府时期,将扩张自诉范围作为简省诉讼环节,提升诉讼效率,实现司法便民的举措。由于最高司法当局厉行自诉的真正意图在于缩减检察机关规模,藉以扩充法院组织,而不是以保障被害人的自诉权为目的,因此,虽然厉行自诉制度,但对于自诉制度的完善却无所作为。盲目扩张自诉非但没有取得省费便民的成效,反而导致流弊百出的结果,不仅带来严重的滥诉现象,而且造成司法资源的无谓虚耗。

In the period of Nanjing KMT Government,the expansion of the extents of private prosecution was considered as a measure to simplify the procedure of litigation,to promote the efficiency of trials and to make justice convenient for the people.The real intention of the supreme justice authority strictly enforcing the private prosecution,however,was not to guarantee the victims＇ rights of private prosecution,but to reduce the scale of the procuratorates,and to enlarge the judicial organizations.Thus the enforcement of the institution of private prosecution was not beneficial to improve the institution of private prosecution.Blindfold expansion of private prosecution did not get the results of money-savings and the people＇s conveniences,but led to many abuses.As a result,it provided not only the abuse of prosecution,but also the waste of the judicial resources.