注意假说理论下的课堂语言博弈分析

An Analysis of Language Game Based on Noticing Hypothesis

注意假说理论认为"注意"是二语习得的核心,是将输入转化为吸收的充分必要条件,但是在教师,学生,资源,方法,策略,环境,态度等各种因素交织的语言环境中,教师希望学生注意的和学生实际注意到的总是有差距,每一次要求注意和没有注意,自发注意和抗拒注意的语言活动都是一场语言博弈。分析课堂教学过程中语言博弈的形式和特点可以为二语习得注意假说的有效运用提供哲学理据。学习者对目标语语言材料,语言特征,目标语和母语差异的注意程度是局中人师生之间语言博弈的结果,学习者只有在具体的场景下注意语言特点,参与语言博弈,才能把显性的语言知识内化为隐性的语言知识,提高语言运用能力。

The noticing Hypothesis put forward by Schmidt claims that noticing is central to SLA,and it is a necessary and sufficient condition for converting input into intake.However,there are always noticing gaps between the language transferred by the teacher and the language accepted by learners in the complicated learning environment.Every language activity involved noticing is a language game in nature.The results of different language games reflect whether learners notice successfully the features of the target language and the differences between the target language and the native language.Learners can internalize their explicit knowledge into implicit knowledge on condition that learners are ready to participate in the language games,notice the language features,and use the language in different situations.