膜下滴灌不同灌溉定额及灌水周期对棉花生长和产量的影响

Effect of Different Irrigation Quota and Cycle under Mulched Drip Irrigation on Cotton Growth and Yield

【目的】在膜下滴灌条件下,灌溉定额及灌水周期对棉花生长和产量的影响。【方法】通过设置不同的灌水定额及灌水周期,在灌水前后对土壤水分进行监测,测定不同生育期的花铃数及株高等生理指标。【结果】低灌溉定额条件下,灌水周期对棉花株高影响不明显,随灌溉定额的增大,株高逐渐增大;当灌溉定额一定时,随灌水周期的增大,株高减小;灌溉定额为3 300 m3/hm2,灌水周期为8 d时,棉花结铃数最多,对提高棉花产量有利,灌水周期为10 d的结铃数最小。【结论】灌溉定额为5 100 m3/hm2时,灌水周期为10 d可使棉花提前现蕾;灌溉定额为4 688 m3/hm2,灌水周期为8 d时,产量最高,综合效益最高。

【Objective】This paper studied the effect of irrigation quota and application cycle on the growth of the cotton and its yield under the condition of mulched drip irrigation.【Method】Different irrigation quota and cycles were designed.The soil moisture was monitored before and after the irrigation.The physiological index such as the budding amount and cotton height were measured at different stages of cotton growth.【Result】The study shows that cotton＇s height is unsusceptible to the irrigation cycle in a state of low irrigation quota.With the irrigation quota increasing,the cotton＇s height is higher and higher;when the irrigation quota is certain,with the irrigation cycle increasing,the cotton＇s height is decreasing.When the irrigation quota is 3300 m^3/hm^2 and the irrigation cycle is 8d,the number of the bolls are the most,it is helpful for improving the cotton＇s production;when the irrigation cycle is 10d,the bolls are the fewest.【Conclusion】When the irrigation quota is 5100 m^3/hm^2 and the irrigation cycle is 10d,it＇s helpful for the cotton＇s buds to appear early.When the irrigation quota is 4688 m^3/hm^2and the irrigation cycle is 8d,the production is the highest and the comprehensive benefits is the most.