福建龙岩烟区土壤主要物理化学性状的研究

Main Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Soil in Longyan Tobacco Area

对福建龙岩烟区7个县、市、区有代表性的826个土壤样品的物理化学性状进行了分析。结果表明,土壤pH值平均为5.14,物理性黏粒(<0.01mm)占36.41%,土壤主要养分的平均含量分别为:有机质23.34g/kg、全N1.59g/kg、碱解N143.35mg/kg、全P0.56g/kg、速效P30.93mg/kg、全K16.63g/kg、速效K76.90mg/kg、缓效K222.1mg/kg,交换性Ca488.70mg/kg、交换性Mg33.16mg/kg、有效B0.16mg/kg、有效S29.21mg/kg、水溶性Cl30.94mg/kg。分析结果表明,龙岩烟区N、P肥较丰富,在烤烟施肥上应有效控施N、P肥,增施K、B、Mg肥,控制S、Cl肥施用,并适当增施石灰改良土壤。

A total of 826 soil samples were collected from seven counties/cities/districts in the Longyan tobacco area,and their main physical and chemical characteristics were analyzed.The results are as follows：average pH value of soil,5.14;physical clay（〈 0.01 mm）,36.41%;organic matter content,23.34 g/kg;total nitrogen content,1.59 g/kg;hydrolytic nitrogen content,143.35 mg/kg;total phosphorus content,0.56 g/kg;available phosphorus content,30.93 mg/kg;total potassium content,16.63 g/kg;available potassium content,76.90 mg/kg;relaxed potassium content,222.1 mg/kg;exchangeable calcium content,488.70 mg/kg;exchangeable magnesium content,33.16 mg/kg;available boron content,0.16 mg/kg;available sulfur content,29.21 mg/kg;and water soluble chlorine content,30.94 mg/kg.Therefore,the Longyan tobacco area is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus,and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer should be rationally used in flue-cured tobacco production.In addition,more potassium,boron and magnesium fertilizer and less sulfur and chlorine fertilizer should be used.Lime should be applied to adjust soil acidity.