广西北海甘蔗锈病生物学特性研究及防治对策

Control Methods and Pathogen Biological Characteristics of Sugarcane Rust in Beihai

甘蔗锈病是危害甘蔗叶片的主要病害。对在广西北海蔗区发现的甘蔗锈病病原进行了生物学特性研究。结果表明:黑暗条件和浓度为1.5%的葡萄糖可促进该病菌夏孢子萌发;较适宜萌发温度范围为20～25℃,最适宜温度是25℃;在相对湿度为80%以上的条件下,夏孢子均能萌发,最适宜的萌发湿度是100%+水滴,萌发率达28.3%;在pH值4.0～11.1范围内,夏孢子均能萌发,最适合萌发的pH值是7.0;常规条件下,夏孢子的存活期最长达120d。防治对策着重在于选种抗病品种和加强栽培管理。

The sugarcane rust was the important foliar disease of sugarcane.The biological characteristics of the sugarcane rust pathogens which found at Beihai in Guangxi were studied.The research results showed that the uredospores can promote germinate under the dark or the concentration 1.5% glucose condition.The range of the more suitable temperature for the germination of the uredospore was 20-25 ℃,25 ℃ was the optimum.The range of relative humidity（RH）for the germination of the uredospore was over 80%,with the optimum 100%＋drop,the germination rate was 28.3%.The range of pH 4.0-11.1 within the uredospores can germinate.The most suitable pH value was 7.0.At routine conditions,the longest survival of the uredospore was 120 days.To select the resistant varieties and pay attention on cultivation management were the key of the control measures.