正交法优化蛹虫草子实体多糖的提取工艺

Extracting Process of Polysaccharides from Fruiting Body of Cultured Cordyceps militaris by Orthogonal Design

[目的]采用正交法优化蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris L.Link)子实体多糖的提取工艺。[方法]采用优化煎煮法、水热回流提取法和碱法提取蛹虫草子实体多糖的工艺。[结果]煎煮法提取蛹虫草子实体多糖的最优条件为:加入40倍体积的水,提取3次,每次3.0h,各因素影响得率的主次顺序为:料液比>煎煮时间>煎煮次数。水热回流法提取蛹虫草子实体多糖的最优条件为:加入20倍体积的水,80℃下提取2次,每次1.0h,各因素影响得率的主次顺序为:提取次数>提取时间>提取温度>料液比。碱法提取蛹虫草子实体多糖的最优条件为:加入8倍体积的0.7mol/LNaOH溶液,提取3次,每次0.5h,各因素影响多糖得率的主次顺序为:浸提次数>NaOH浓度>料液比>浸提时间。[结论]该研究找出了煎煮法、水热回流提取法和碱法提取蛹虫草子实体多糖的工艺,可为下一步研究及工业生产提供参考资料。

[Objective]The research aimed to optimize the extracting process of polysaccharides from fruiting body of cultured Cordyceps militaris L.Link by orthogonal design.[Method]Three extracting methods,decocting extraction method,hydrothermal refluxing extracting meth-od and alkali extracting method were used to extract polysaccharides from fruiting body of cultured Cordyceps militaris L.Link .[Result]The optimum condition of decocting extraction method extracting polysaccharides from fruiting body of cultured Cordyceps militaris L.Link was as follow：the sample powder was mixed with water at ratio of 1/40,boiling 3.0 h,and repeating for 3 times,and the order of 3 factors on the polysaccharides rate was ratio of water to sample〉decocting time〉decocting times.The optimum condition of hydrothermal refluxing extracting method extracting polysaccharides from fruiting body of cultured Cordyceps militaris L.Link was as follow：the sample powder was mixed with water at ratio of 1/20,refluxing 1.0 h,repeating for 2 times,and the order of 4 factors on the polysaccharides rate was extracting times〉extracting time〉extracting temperature〉ratio of water to sample.The optimum condition of alkali extracting method extracting polysac-charides from fruiting body of cultured Cordyceps militaris L.Link was that using 0.7 mol/L NaOH extracting 0.5 h for 3 times at the ratio of sample powder to NaOH solution 1∶8,and the order of 4 factors on the polysaccharides rate was extracting times〉concentration of NaOH〉ratio of sample powder to NaOH solution〉extracting time.[Conclusion]The study finds out the best process of decocting extraction method, hydrothermal refluxing extracting method and alkali extracting method extracting polysaccharides from fruiting body of cultured Cordyceps militaris L.Link,can offer the reference data for the next research and industrial production.