新生代农民工城乡双重边缘化的公共物品供给探析

Analysis of New Generation of Migrant Workers' Double Marginalization of Urban and Rural Public Goods Supply

分析了我国城乡公共物品供给的现状:一是农村公共物品供给严重不足,具体表现在:农业基本设施供给不足、农业科技投入不足、农村饮水安全存在问题、农民存在"行路难"问题、农村医疗保健水平较低、农村公共文化薄弱、农民教育供给短缺;二是城市公共物品供给制度与水平不能满足新生代农民工的需求,具体表现在:农民工通过政府渠道就业少、遭到城市安居工程的隔离、难以得到城市社会保障。城乡公共物品供给的失衡以及农村公共物品供给的严重不足,导致新生代农民工面临被农村和城市双重边缘化危机。为了切实缓解新生代农民工被城乡双重边缘化问题,提出了完善城乡公共物品供给的对策:一是增加对农村的财政投入,实现城乡公共物品均衡化;二是完善强农惠农政策,增加农村公共物品供给;三是以城市公共物品供给为先导,促进新生代农民工融入城市。

Status quo of urban and rural public goods supply is analyzed in China. Firstly, public goods supply in rural areas is inadequate,for example, inadequate supply of agricultural infrastructure, lack of expenditure in agricultural science and technology, problems of rural drinking water safety, problems of rural roads and transportation, low levels of health care, weak rural public culture, short supply of farmers＇ education. Secondly, the system and level of urban public goods provision can＇t meet migrant workers＇ demand, for example, less migrant workers are employed by the governments＇ direction; migrant workers are isolated by urban housing project and these workers have difficulty in receiving city social security. One reason of new generation migrant workers facing the double marginalization of rural and urban crisis is that urban and rural public goods supply are different in particular the inadequate supply of public goods in rural areas. Countermeasures are put forward in order to relieve new generation migrant workers＇ double marginalization of urban and rural, which include increasing financial input in rural areas in order to achieve equalization of urban and rural public goods, perfecting the preferential agricultural policy to increase rural public goods supply, making urban public goods supply as a guide to promote the new generation migrant workers into the city.