改性木薯淀粉絮凝剂的制备与结构表征及其絮凝性能研究

Preparation,Structural Characterization and Flocculation Performance of Modified Cassava Starch Flocculant

[目的]研究改性木薯淀粉絮凝剂的制备与结构表征及其絮凝性能。[方法]在氮气保护下,以过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠[(NH4)2S2O8-NaHSO3]为引发体系,采用正交试验研究了木薯淀粉与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚制备絮凝剂的条件,用红外光谱对共聚物结构进行了表征,并测定了该絮凝剂的絮凝性能。[结果]改性木薯淀粉絮凝剂的最佳制备条件为:反应温度40℃,合成时间3h,引发剂用量为5mmol/L,淀粉与单体质量比为1∶2.5;该絮凝剂适合在中性和酸性条件下使用。[结论]该絮凝剂投药量少,沉降速度快,受pH值影响小,是一种较理想的絮凝剂。

[Objective] The aim was to study the preparation,structural characterization and flocculation performance of modified cassava starch flocculant.[Method]Taking ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfite [（NH4） 2S2O8-NaHSO3]as initiation system,cassava starch-acrylamide graft copolymerization preparation conditions of flocculant were studied by orthogonal test under nitrogen protection,and the structure of copolymers was characterized by infrared spectrum,furthermore its flocculation performance was determined.[Result]The optimum preparation conditions for modified cassava starch flocculant were：reaction temperature was 40 ℃; synthesis time was 3 h; initiator amount was 5 mmol/L; and the mass ratio of starch and monomer was 1∶2.5.The flocculant was suitable to be used under acidic and neutral conditions.[Conclusion]The flocculant has small coagulant dose,fast settling velocity and little effect of pH value,so it is a relatively ideal flocculant.