朱熹理气动静说探析

On the Zhu Xi's Theory of the Movement of Li and Qi

朱熹吸收二程、张载和周敦颐的思想资源,在将本体论意义的"理"、"道"与含具宇宙生成论意义的"太极"融合而纳入自己的体系时,对太极之理究竟能否活动的问题表现出一定的曲折。从理本论思想的演变和理学家所关注的问题考虑,朱熹在理气动静问题上的"曲折"是不可避免的。牟宗三对朱熹太极之理"只存有不活动"的批评揭示了朱熹理气关系解释的思想特点,但同时这种批评也偏于一隅,与朱熹思想的实际是不相符的。

Zhu Xi absorbed the thought resources of Cheng Hao,Cheng Yi,Zhang Zai and Zhou Dunyi,and integrated Li and Dao in the meaning of ontology with Taiji in the meaning of cosmology,and as a result,constructed his own philosophy system,but Zhu Xi also had a difficult problem to tackle,that is whether Taiji was capable of movement.Considering the evolution of Li theory and the focus question of Li theory＇s philosophers,the dilemma that Zhu Xi had encountered in the question of whether Taiji is capable of movement was inevitable.Mou Zongsan,who believed Zhu Xi＇s Taiji was not movable but existence,expressed the characteristic of Zhu Xi＇s thought about Li and Qi,but meanwhile,his critique is partial,not comprehensive,and contradictory to Zhuxi＇s theory.