1986-2008年吉林省湖泊变化及驱动力分析

Dynamics of lake area changes and its driving force analysis in Jilin Province from 1986 to 2008

利用1986年、1995年、2008年覆盖吉林省的LandsatTM遥感影像,通过目视解译,获取3期土地利用数据;基于GIS技术,分析了过去23年吉林省湖泊的时空变化特征,并对导致湖泊面积变化的自然和人文驱动因素进行分析.结果表明:1986-2008年间,吉林省湖泊面积从1986年的3442km2减少到2008年的2622km2;湖泊个数由3134个减少到2718个.其中1986-1995年间湖泊面积萎缩主要以大中型湖泊(面积大于等于50km2)为主,减少面积为479.7km2;1995年以后,虽然大中型湖泊面积有微弱增加,但中小型湖泊的面积剧烈减少,因此导致湖泊总面积减少311.7km2.湖泊面积变化存在区域差异:过去23年间,东部地区湖泊面积增加42.1km2,中部地区减少98.9km2,西部地区湖泊面积减少最多,为337.7km2.气候干旱化、人口增加带来的压力和水利工程修建等因素对湖泊面积变化产生重要影响.

Based on GIS technology,using three TM remote sensing of seasonal images in 1986,1995 and 2008,we analyzed the temporal and spatial change characteristics and the driving forces for lake areas in Jilin Province during the past 23 years（1986-2008）.The results showed that during the past 23 years,the lake areas in Jilin Province changed from 3442km2 in 1986 to 2622km2 in 2008,and the lake number declined from 3134 to 2718.From 1986 to 1995,lakes area mainly reduced in big lakes （100-500 km2）,while from 1995 to 2008 mainly reduced in medium to small lakes （10-50 km2）.Different changes happened in three regions：an increase of 42.1km2 in eastern lakes,a decrease of 98.9km2 in the central,and 337.7km2 reduced in the western Jilin Province.The drought climate,population pressure,and construction of water projects played impotant roles on the lake area decreases.