精神分裂症患者及一级亲属的脑结构非对称性异常

Anomalous cerebral asymmetry in patients with schizophrenia and first degree relatives

目的:探讨脑结构非对称性与精神分裂症遗传易感性之间的关系。方法:对符合美国精神障碍诊断和统计手册第四版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,DSM-Ⅳ)精神分裂症诊断标准的门诊和住院首发精神分裂症患者、与患者来自不同家族的一级亲属和正常对照三组各19人进行核磁共振扫描脑结构成像。使用统计学参数图软件SPM2计算全脑灰质结构非对称性指数,并比较三组人群非对称性指数的差异。结果:患者组和正常对照相比,颞上回、后扣带回、小脑、顶叶、基底节的结构非对称性降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。一级亲属和正常对照相比,颞上回和顶叶的结构非对称性降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。患者组和一级亲属相比,小脑、顶叶、基底节的非对称性降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:颞上回和顶叶的结构非对称性降低可能是精神分裂症的遗传易感性指标,而后扣带回、小脑、基底节的结构非对称性降低可能与精神分裂症患病状态有关。

Objective： To investigation whether anomalous cerebral asymmetry may be useful as a marker of genetic liability to schizophrenia Methods： Magnetic resonance images were acquired from 19 first-episode schizophrenia inpatients and outpatients meeting DSM-IV （Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition） criteria for schizophrenia, 19 first-degree relatives from different families, and 19 healthy controis. Statistical parametric mapping（SPM） 2 software was used to evaluate cerebral lateralization index in all three groups, and the cerebral lateralization indices were compared among three groups. Results： Compared with healthy control subjects, patients demonstrated prominent cerebral asymmetry decrease in supper temporal gyms, posterior cingulated, cerebellum, parietal lobe and basal ganglia （ P 〈0. 01 ）, and first-degree relatives demonstrated prominent cerebral asymmetry decrease in supper temporal gyrus and parietal lobe （P 〈 0. 01 ） . Compared with first-degree relatives, patients demonstrated prominent cerebral asymmetry decrease in cerebellum, parietal lobe and basal ganglia （P 〈0. 01 ） . Conclusion： Cerebral asymmetry decrease in supper temporal gyrus and parietal lobe may be useful as a marker of hereditary susceotibility to schizophrenia, whereas cerebral asymmetry decrease in oosterior cingulated, cerebellum and basal ganglia may be specificity for schizophrenia.