马鞍山市2008年食品中变形杆菌监测及分子特征分析

Proteus surveillance in food and its molecular characterisitics in Ma'anshan City,2008

目的了解2008年马鞍山市监测食品中变形杆菌的检出情况,更好地对变形杆菌引起的腹泻进行预防与控制。方法采集2008年在马鞍山市的超市、批发市场、水产基地以及疑似食物中毒的熟食采集样品,按GB/T4789-2003、WS/T9-1996方法进行变形杆菌分离检测,分离菌株采用VITEK-32微生物鉴定系统进行药敏鉴定,同时进行PFGE分型,分析不同来源菌型之间的同源性。结果共采集各类食品230份,变形杆菌检出率为20.87%(48/230),其中普通变形杆菌为13.91%(32/230),奇异变形杆菌为6.96%(16/230)。在不同类食品中,检出率最高的是禽肉类样本29.09%(16/55),其后依次为鱼虾样本28.75%(23/80)、禽蛋样本13.33%(2/15)、熟食类样本12.5%(1/8)和畜肉类样本10.17%(6/59)。48株变形杆菌的PFGE分为28个型,其中普通变形杆菌为17个型、奇异变形杆菌为11个型,各型之间不紧密相关。经耐药分析,菌株对四环素、氨苄青霉素、头孢噻吩、复方新诺明及呋喃妥因耐药性>70%,而对头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、氟哌酸、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、亚胺培南、丁胺卡那霉素和妥布霉素敏感性>68%。结论马鞍山市食品中变形杆菌的污染来源于不同的克隆株,未发现单个基因型菌株流行的迹象。

Objective To understand the detection rate of Proteus in monitoring food of Ma’anshan City,2008,so as to better prevent and control diarrheal diseases caused by Proteus.Methods In 2008 in Ma’anshan City,samples were collected from the supermarkets,wholesale markets,aquatic product bases and also from the samples from the suspected food poisoning cases.The method of detection and isolation of Proteus was according to GB/T4789-2003,WS/T9-1996.The drug sensitivity of Proteus strains were tested with VITEK-32 microbial identification system.At the same time,PFGE was used for typing,to analyse the homology of strains from different sources.Results 230 food samples were collected,the detection rate of Proteus was 20.87%（48/230）,in which P.vulgaris was 13.91%（32/230）,P.mirabilis was 6.96%（16/230）.Among the detected foods,poultry had the highest detection rate,29.09%（16/55）,followed by fish and shrimp,28.75%（23/80）,egg,13.33%（2/15）,cooked foods,12.5%（1/8） and meat,10.17%（6/59）.48 Proteus strains were classified into 28 PFGE types,of which Proteus,17 types,Proteus mirabilis,11 types,no close relation between the various types.As for the drug resistance：〉70% of tetracycline,ampicillin,Cefalotin,cotrimoxazole and nitrofurantoin were drug resistant and 〉68% of cefepime,ceftazidime,norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,gentamicin,imipenem and amikacint were drug resistant.Conclusion Food contamination of Proteus in Ma’anshan was from different clones,no sign of only one single genotype strain causing epidemic was found.