湖北省血吸虫病流行区以机代牛意愿调查分析

Analysis on the intention of replacement of bovine with machine in schistosomiasis endemic areas,Hubei Province

目的了解血吸虫病流行区养牛户对以机代牛意愿及影响因素,基层干部对以机代牛工作的认知及工作难点,为开展以机代牛工作提供科学依据。方法选择血吸虫病重疫区22个县、每个县选取9个村共400养牛户进行问卷调查;选取1个开展了以机代牛的县的基层干部进行现场访谈。结果共调查8239户养牛户,愿意以机代牛的占56.51%,不愿意以机代牛的占43.49%;不同地区间以机代牛意愿相差很大,最高是77.45%,最低仅27.65%;经过统计分析,对养牛户淘汰牛意愿影响差异有显著性的因素是村疫区类型、家庭年人均纯收入、田块分布结构、养牛主年龄;疫区基层干部对以机代牛工作有较高的认识。结论以机代牛可先在群众意愿较高的地区整体推进,然后全面推进。

Objective To understand the intention and influencing factors of the replacement of bovine with machine in farmers,and the cognition and difficulty in the cadres at grass root level in schistosomiasis endemic areas,so as to provide evidence for the implementation of the replacement of bovine with machine.Methods Twenty-two heavily endemic counties were selected as study areas.Four hundred farmers in nine villages in each county were selected for questionnaire,and cadres at grass root level were interviewed in one county which had already carried out the replacement of bovine with machine.Results Farmers in 8239 households with cattle were investigated,56.51% had the intention of replacing bovine with machine,and 43.49% rejected.The intention in different regions was quite different,the intention rate was from 27.65% to 77.45%.Analysis showed the following factors influencing the intention：the endemic type of the village,the per-capita net income,the distribution and structure of farmland,the age of farmers etc.However,the cadres at grass root level had a stronger intention than that of the farmers.Conclusions It is considered that the replacement of bovine with machine can be carried out in a planned way,it may start in the area in which the intention is stronger in the farmers,and move on step by step.