“市场—政策”双重导向对农业企业绩效的影响机制研究——以泛长三角地区农业龙头企业为例

Relationship between Market-Policy Orientation and Agricultural Enterprise's Performance

经济转型时期,市场机制与政策机制呈现出共存性与互补性特征。本文以泛长三角地区农业龙头企业为样本,通过构建以动态能力为中介变量的理论模型,实证检验了市场导向、政策导向与农业企业绩效的关系。结果显示,(1)市场导向与企业绩效有显著正相关关系,这种关系可以是直接的也可以是间接的,政策导向与企业绩效有显著的直接正相关关系;(2)动态能力在市场导向与企业绩效关系之间起着部分中介作用,但在政策导向与企业绩效之间的中介作用不显著;(3)市场导向与政策导向对农业企业绩效的影响具有结构差异性,市场导向程度高的企业长期绩效较好,政策导向程度高的企业短期绩效较好,具备双重导向的企业长短期绩效均较好。

After twenty years exploration and development, agricultural industrialization has been improved dramatically in China.However, China is still in period of economy transformation, which characterized by market mechanism and policy mechanism taking on coexistence and mutual complement.Under such circumstance, how enterprises＇ strategic orientation including market orientation and policy orientation influence their short term and long term performance.This is still a topic that scant literature has deal with.Through establishment of theory model with dynamic capability as mediator, this study takes leading agricultural enterprises in pan-Yangtze river delta for samples to investigate relationship between market and policy orientation and enterprise＇s performance.Specifically, this article includes following aspects.Firstly, by means of introducing dynamic capability, a mediator, exploration of specific road by which ＂market-policy＂ orientation affects enterprise＇s performance.Furthermore, this article also analyses the structural difference that exists in market orientation and policy orientation influencing enterprise＇s performance respectively.The empirical results indicate：（1） market orientation has a significantly positive relationship with enterprise performance which can be direct and indirect.Policy orientation has a significant and direct positive relationship with enterprise performance; （2） Dynamic capability plays as a partial mediator in the relationship between market orientation and enterprise performance, but dynamic capability＇s mediator effect is insignificant between policy orientation and enterprise performance; （3） enterprises with high level of market orientation have better long-term performance, while enterprises with high level of policy orientation have better short-term performance.Enterprises with high level of both market orientation and policy orientation have better performance with both kinds.The research suggests that in the process of economy transition, enterprises should not only emphasize market orientation but should also emphasize policy orientation.To make the point clear, enterprises had better establish special department to collect, research and transmit relative information about market and policy.Meanwhile, enterprises should do their best to promote the coordination of market and policy to maximize performance.