我国服务业的投入产出效率分析——基于超效率DEA方法的实证研究

Analysis of Service Industries Input-output Efficiency in China——Based on Super-efficiency DEA

根据中间需求率水平以及服务对象的差异把服务业分为生产性、消费性和公共管理服务业三大类。三类服务业的中间需求率差异很大,在服务业中所占的产值和就业人数的比例也差别很大,由此带来比较劳动生产率的差异大。利用超效率DEA模型计算了各个产业的投入产出的效率值,比较了三大类服务业的投入产出效率的差异,接着用TOB IT模型测算了影响投入产出效率的主要因素,市场化程度、产业规模、中间需求率、固定资产投入对投入产出效率有显著影响,而城市化水平、人力资源的市场化程度、对外开放程度对投入产出效率的影响并不显著。最后根据上述影响因素提出了相应的发展服务业的政策建议。

According to the level of intermediate demand rates and serve objects the author divided the service industries into three categories ：producer,consumer and public administration services.Three types of services vary widely,in the share of output,proportion of employment and labor productivity.The paper uses super-efficiency DEA model to calculate and compare the input-output efficiencies,uses the TOBIT model to calculate the impact factors and draw a conclusion：market-oriented,industrial-scale,intermediate demand rate,investment in fixed assets have a significant effect on efficiency,while the level of urbanization,market-oriented in human resources market,openness on efficiency are not significant.Finally,based on the above factors the paper put forward some policy recommendations for the development of service industry.