天然药桑色素的理化性质研究

The research in physical and chemical characters of natural pigment from Morus nigra Linn

目的阐明药桑椹乙醇提取物的物理和化学性质,为将其开发为食用天然色素提供科学依据。方法采用超声波提取法从野生药桑中提取色素,利用紫外光谱和多种物理条件及化学试剂考察其光谱特性、溶解性、热稳定性、食品添加剂稳定性、耐氧化和还原性。结果该提取物的吸光度在510nm处有最大吸收,易溶解于水和醇,在80℃以下、pH 7以下或15d以内性质稳定,与Na2SO3、食盐、柠檬酸、NaHCO3、MgSO4和CaCl2等常用食品添加剂不发生反应,且对不同浓度的H2O2和Na2SO3氧化还原剂较稳定。结论药桑椹乙醇提取物部位具有较好的物理和化学稳定性,可作为天然食用色素使用,为开发利用药桑资源提供新的途径。

Objective To illustrate the physical and chemical characters of ethanol extracts from Morus nigra Linn,and to supply the scientific evidence for developing it as edible natural pigment.Methods The red pigment was extracted from wild M.nigra Linn by ultrasonic method,and ultraviolet spectrum,physical factors and chemical reagents were used to investigate its physical and chemical stabilities.Results The pigment had ultraviolet absorbance at 510 nm,and could be dissolved in water and alcohol.Also,it has high stability when the temperature was under 80℃ or the pH value was under 7,and it hasn′t reactions when contacted to Na2SO3,NaCl,NaHCO3,MgSO4,CaCl2,H2O2 and Na2SO3.Conclusion This extracted pigment had better physical and chemical stabilities,and it could be used as natural pigment for food as a new application way.