景电灌区农田防护林体系生态效应观测分析

Ecological Effects of Farmland Shelterbelt System in Jingdian Irrigated Area

通过对景电一、二期灌区农田防护林体系现状及防护、增产效应的定点调查与测定,对比分析了林带的生态效应和作用。结果表明,在林带迎、背风面0～6H处,其生态防护效应表现显著。而随着与林带距离的增加,其生态防护效应表现出递减趋势,并且其生态防护效应随林龄的增大而提高;在灌区内农田林网较为完善的地带,防护林保护下的小麦、玉米产量分别提高18.3%和13.7%;林网内农作物千粒重要比空旷区对照点的千粒重提高15%～18%左右,林带的农业增产效益明显。但在农田林网不健全的条件下,防护林的增产效果表现微弱。综合分析认为,该区域农田防护林体系的生态、经济效应都有待于进一步提高和完善。

Through point-survey for farmland shelterbelt system situation,windbreak effect,and yield performance in Jingdian＇s first and second irrigation areas,the functions of the shelterbelt and its ecological effects were analyzed.Results indicated that eco-protection effect was displayed remarkably in the shelterbelt＇s two side of the 0~6H.With the distance from the shelterbelt increasing,eco-protection efficiency weakened gradually.Eco-protection effect was improved with the increase in stand age.In the perfect area of forest network,agricultural production benefits were significant and wheat yield and maize yield were 18.3% and 13.7% more than those in control area.Thousand kernel weight in the forest network area increased by 15%～18%.However,the effect of yield-increasing by shelterbelt was reduced in unsound forest network.Results from the comprehensive analysis show that economic and ecological effects of farmland shelterbelt in the area should be further improved.