迁移与发展:中国乡城劳动力迁移的回顾与展望

Migration and development:review and prospect of China's labor migration

从推动经济增长、提高农民收入、加快工业化和城市化发展、促进劳动力市场发育等方面看,中国乡城劳动力迁移对中国经济发展具有重大影响。由于中国的就业结构与产业结构严重失衡,城市化水平依然很低,农村剩余劳动力规模仍很巨大。中国劳动力乡城迁移远未完成,仍有很长的路要走。

This paper first describes the history and current status of China＇ s labor migration from countries to cities. It then discusses the effect of the migration on China＇s economic development in the following aspects： promoting economic growth, increasing farmers＇ income, accelerating industrialization and urbanization, and promoting the development of labor market. Because there is a serious imbalance between China＇ s employment structure and its industrial structure, the scale of the rural surplus labor is huge and its urbanization level still low. Thus the rural to urban migration in China still has a long way to go.