经济特区与“新特区”的历史地位

The Historical Positions of Special Economic Areas and "New Special Areas"

经济特区在我国改革开放、建设中国特色社会主义进程中,发挥着"窗口"、"试验区"、"排头兵"的作用,有力地推动着中国特色社会主义事业的健康发展。新特区即综合配套改革试验区,与经济特区相比较,其共同点都是为了通过深化改革,促进计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转变。其区别在于:首先,经济特区在其发展的初期阶段主要借助于特殊优惠政策;而新特区是依靠创新驱动;其次,经济特区在一定时期主要依靠外资、外商的力量来发展自己;而新特区,主要是依靠内部体制、机制的创新。与此相联系,经济特区都是设置在沿海对外交通便利的地区,而综合配套改革试验区则不受区位的严格限制;最后,二者改革的广度和深度也不一样。综合配套改革是我国经济体制改革发展到一定阶段的产物,即我国经济体制改革发展到攻坚的阶段,或全面推进的阶段,是以完善社会主义市场经济体制为目标,因而其改革的广度、深度远远超过经济特区。

Special economic areas have played pioneering roles in the reform and opening-up and the establishment of socialism with distinctive Chinese characteristics,and have promoted the healthy development of China.New special areas,or pilot areas of comprehensive reform,are similar to special economic areas in that they aim at the transition from planned economic system to socialist market economic system.However,they also have the following differences.Firstly,special economic areas rely on preferences in the beginning of their development,while new special areas depend on creations.Secondly,special economic areas depend on foreign investment for development,while new special areas rely on the innovation of inner system.Accordingly,special economic areas are located in coastal areas with convenient transportation,while new special areas are not confined by locations.Lastly,the two kinds of areas differ from each other in terms of range and depth of reform.