呼吸内科感染常见病原菌与相关因素

Common infectious pathogen and related factors in respiratory internal medicine

目的:了解呼吸内科感染常见的病原菌,探讨其分布状况及感染相关因素,为防治感染提供指导。方法:对诊断为肺部感染的478例患者均进行痰菌培养,并采用自制调查表对感染相关因素进行调查,分析痰菌培养结果及调查结果。结果:痰菌培养病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌共147株(73.13%),革兰阳性菌35株(17.41%),其他为真菌,共19株,主要为白色假丝酵母菌。患者主要为60岁以上的男性。有气管插管或气管切开史者共134例(28.03%),不规律使用抗生素、不遵医嘱用药者372例(77.82%),胸部或腹部手术后感染者59例。结论:呼吸内科感染病原菌主要为革兰阴性杆菌,包括铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌等。感染人群主要为60岁以上的男性患者。感染与老年、气管插管或气管切开、不合理应用抗生素、有胸部或腹部手术史有关。

Objective To know the common pathogenic bacteria in respiratory internal medicine,discuss the distributing status and related factors,and provide guidance for prevention and treating infections.Method Total 478 patients with lung infection underwent sputum bacterium cultivating and self-made related factor to infection investigation,and results of sputum bacterium cultivating and investigation was analyzed.Results Among the sputum pathogenic bacteria,gram negative bacilli of 147 in total,accounted for 73.13% ;gram-positive bacteria of 35 in total,accounted for 17.41% ;others were fungus,19 in total,mainly saccharomyces albicans.The patients were male beyond 60-year-old mainly.For 134 patients with history of tracheal intubation or incision of trachea,accounted for 28.03% ;Unregular use of antibiotic and didn＇t follow the doctor＇s advice with medicine in 372 patients,accounted for 77.82%.Postoperative infection in chest or abdomen in 59 patients.Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria in respiratory internal medicine is gram negative bacilli,including Pseudomonas aeruginosa,pneumonia Keleibo bacterium,large intestine Aixi bacterium etc.The main affect crowd is male above 60-year old.Infection is related with old age,tracheal intubation or incision of trachea,unreasonable use of antibiotic and abdomen or chest operation history.