杏品种的低温需求量研究

Studies of chilling requirements during rest period in apricot cultirars

对杏的３９个品种的低温需求量进行了测定，结果表明：休眠在２６℃±２℃条件下，２－３周后以５０％萌芽为解除自然休眠标准，在陕西杨陵地区以犹它模型计算的累计低温单位数在不同年份均比≤７．２℃和０－７．２℃低温累计小时数重演性高且最稳定，预测自然休眠结束期准确性高，适合原产中国的杏品种作为低温需求量计算标准。各个杏品种的低温需求量在４４０－７７０ｈ之间。辽宁、新疆、青海、甘肃等地区的品种比陕西关中、河南、山东、山西等地区的品种的低温需求量长。

The studies of chilling requirements (CR) in 39 apricot cultivars were conducted.The results showed that apricot buds could be consideried out of their rest.If 50% bud developed to the green show within 2-3 weeks when dormant shoots has been exposed to the growing temperature (26℃±2℃) chilling requirement hours of temperature of ≤7.2℃ and 0-7.2℃ had been accumulated,these CR hours had a lower repeatation than relevent chill units covered by utah model in Yangling area,Shaanxi Province.CR determined using this model would be suitable apricot cultivars originated from china and estimate on end time of rest period would to very correct.The CR for the 39 cultivars changed between 440-770 ho urs.The CR for these cultivars located in Liaoning,Xinjiang,Qinghai and Gansu Provinces had a larger number and those from Guanzhong area in Shaanxi,Henan,Shandong and Shaanxi Province,A cultivar originated south Shaanxi had a least CR among the 39 cultivars.