林芝地区温室番茄灰霉病病原菌生物学特性研究

Research on the Biological Characteristics of the Pathogenic Fungus of Tomato Gray Mold in the Greenhouse of Linzhi Region

[目的]研究林芝地区温室番茄灰霉病菌的生物学特性,为该地区番茄灰霉病的防治奠定基础。[方法]采用不同的温度、pH值、碳源和氮源,研究林芝地区番茄灰霉病菌菌丝生长和产孢的最佳条件。[结果]番茄灰霉病菌在10～30℃均能生长,适宜温度为20～25℃,最佳温度为25℃,30℃以上的高温抑制病原菌生长及产孢。pH值5.0～9.0范围菌丝均能生长,以pH值6.0为最适,中性条件下不利于产孢。碳源以果糖对菌丝生长最佳,产孢以蔗糖溶液中最多。氮源以蛋白胨对菌丝生长和产孢最佳,缺氮条件下不产孢。[结论]番茄灰霉病在林芝地区日光温室中流行,最利于病原菌菌丝生长的碳源不一定最利于其产孢,最利于病原菌菌丝生长的氮源同时也有利于其产孢。

[ Objective ] The foundation for the prevention and treatment of the tomato gray mold （Botry＇tis cinerea Pets） in the greenhouse in Linzhi region was laid through the research on the biological characteristics of its pathogen. [ Method ] The best condition of the mycelium growth and the spore formation of tomato gray mold under the different temperature, pH value, carbon and nitrogen source was studied. [ Resuits] The tomato gray mold could grow well in the temperature of 10 -30℃ ; the suitable temperature was 20 -25℃ and the optimal temperature was 25℃. The pathogen growth and the spore formation of tomato gray mold would be inhibited in 30℃ or above. The mycelium could grow in the range of pH value of 5.0 - 9.0 ; the optimum pH value was 6.0 and the neutral condition was not conducive to spore formation. The best carbon source for mycelia growth was fructose and maximum of spore formation was under the condition of the sucrose as carbon source. The best nitrogen source for mycelia growth and spore formation was peptone and the spores did not develop under the condition of nitrogen deficiency. [ Conclusion ] The tomato gray mold was one type of popular diseases in greenhouse of Linzhi region. And the most favorable carbon source for mycelia growth was not the most necessarily condition for the spore formation and the most favorable nitrogen source for mycelia growth of pathogenic fungus was also beneficial to the spore formation.