春小麦碳同位素分辨率及相关指标数量遗传分析

Quantitative Genetic Analysis on Resolution of Carbon Isotope and Its Related Indexes in Spring Wheat

[目的]为抗旱节水小麦新品种的选育提供理论依据。[方法]以17份春小麦品种为试验材料,分别测定其碳同位素分辨率(Δ)、水分利用效率(WUE)、灰分、比叶重(SLDW)、光合气体交换参数,并分析相应指标的遗传效应。[结果]各指标在品种间均存在显著或极显著差异。ΔGm、ΔSm、株高、maGm、T1的广义遗传力(h2B)较高,分别为76.20%、85.30%、90.61%、85.30%、87.14%;Tr、Ci的hB2中等(51.53%和66.69%)。ΔGm、ΔSm、maGm、maLa、SLDW、T1、Tr、Pn、Ci、Ci/Ca的遗传变异系数较小,GCV变幅为1.4%～8.5%;株高、WUE、Pn/Tr的遗传变异系数中等,GCV变幅为10.84%～16.19%;Gs、maSm的遗传变异系数较大,GCV分别为30.9%和42.2%。[结论]该研究为抗旱春小麦品种优良性状的选择提供了指导。

[Objective] The aim was to supply theoretical basis for breeding new drought-resistant and water-saving wheat variety.[Method] With 17 shares of spring wheat varieties as tested materials,their resolutions of carbon isotope（Δ）,water utilization efficiencies（WUE）,ash,specific-leaf-dry-weights（SLDW）and exchange parameters of photosynthesis gas were determined resp.and their genetic effects were analyzed.[Result] The indexes had significant or extremely significant difference among varieties.The general heritability（h2B）of ΔGm,ΔSm,plant height,maGm and T1 was higher,being 76.20%,85.30%,90.61%,85.30% and 87.14% resp.The h2B of Tr and Ci was moderate,being 51.53% and 66.69% resp.The genetic variance coefficients of ΔGm,ΔSm,maGm,maLa,SLDW,T1,Tr,Pn,Ci and Ci/Ca were smaller and their GCV amplitude was 1.4%-8.5%.The genetic variance coefficients of plant height,WUE and Pn/Tr were moderate and their GCV amplitude was 10.84%-16.19%.The genetic variance coefficients of Gs and maSm were bigger and their GCV were 30.9% and 42.2% resp.[Conclusion] This study provided guidance for selecting good characters of drought-resistant spring wheat variety.