线粒体研究现状及其在热带作物中的应用前景

Present Situation of Mitochondrial Research and Application Prospects in Tropical Crop

线粒体普遍存在于高等动、植物和真菌等真核细胞中。其在人类遗传疾病的发生、发展、功能修复以及起源和进化中具有重要的功能。在植物中,与雄性不育、细胞程序死亡、果实成熟、衰老以及光合作用等多种生理功能有关。综述了线粒体基因组在人体疾病的发生、诊断、DNA突变等方面的最新研究进展,并展望了线粒体研究在热带作物生长发育和果实成熟、衰老、贮藏等方面的应用前景。

Mitochondria,which exists in eukaryotic cells such as advanced animals,plants and fungi,plays an important role in human genetic diseases onset,development,and functional management,as well as the origin and evolution of humans.In plants,mitochondria is related to male sterile,programmed cell death,photosynthesis,fruit ripening and senescence,and other physiological functions.The recent advances of mitochondrial genome in the induction of human disease,the diagnosis method and DNA mutation were summarized,and the application of mitochondrial function in the development,fruit maturation,aging,storage of tropical crops was forecasted.