爱玉子与其传粉小蜂共生体系的研究

Study of Symbioses between Ficus awkeotsang and Wiebesia pumilae

[目的]为爱玉子栽培和育种提供科学依据。[方法]观测爱玉子花序的发育过程及传粉小蜂生活周期,并统计各种类型的花和榕小蜂数量。[结果]爱玉子与传粉小蜂之间为专一性互惠共生关系。阐明了人工栽培爱玉子种群的生活史,论述了爱玉子果实发育的异步性以及结构、功能的统一性,指出雌花序退化花存在及雌、雄花序内变异花产生的生物学意义。[结论]爱玉子与其传粉小蜂的结构与功能的统一性是二者专一性互惠共生关系建立的基础。

[Objective] The research aimed to provide scientific basic information and data for the planting and breeding of F.awkeotsang.[Method] The development process of syconia of F.awkeotsang and life cycle of pollinating wasp were observed.Various types of flowers and the number of fig wasps were counted.[Result] The specific and reciprocal symbiosis relationship existed between F.awkeotsang and its pollination fig wasp.The life cycle of cultivated F.awkeotsang was made clear,and the asynchronism of the fruit development of F.awkeotsang was dissertated.The oneness between its structure and function was discussed.The biology significance was expounded that the degeneration flower existence in female syconia and the mutant flower produce in female and male syconia.[Conclusion] The unity of structure and function of F.awkeotsang and their pollinators is the foundation in the process of establishing the symbiotic relationship.