基于Delphi法的大黄药材商品规格感官评价科学性的研究

Delphi-based study on scientificity of organoleptic evaluation for rhubarb commercial specification

目的:考察中药材感官经验评价方法的可靠性和科学性。方法:以大黄药材为例,采用2次Delphi法评价,检验感官经验评价方法在专家个人及专家群体的一致性和重复性,分析专家的从业时间、从业性质、受教育背景对其评审结果的影响;通过统计分析确定专家评价大黄药材商品规格的主要感官评价指标。结果:本次Delphi法评审专家权威程度系数和专家个人的重现率均较高,平均为0.81和85%;专家群体的重现率大于70%。其中专家的从业时间长短对其评审结果有重要影响(P<0.05),即专家从业时间越长,实践经验越丰富,评审结果的重现性和可靠性越好;不同从业性质和受教育背景专家的重现性存在一定差异,但没有统计学意义。外观形状、颜色、质地、断面特征4个感官指标是专家评判大黄药材规格的主要因素。结论:本研究实验证实中药材商品规格感官评价经验具有客观性和可重现性;Delphi法可作为中医药经验科学继承与整理的有效手段之一。

Objective： In this study the reliability and scientificity of organoleptic evaluation for the commercial specification of Chinese medicinal materials（CMM） was investigated with Delphi method,using rhubarb as an example.The consensus panel of panelists being expert in organoleptic evaluation for CMM was cogitatively selected,with high average authority index of 0.81.The average individual repeatability of selected panelists was 85%,while the group repeatability was above 70%.It was found that the career time of the expert had significant influence on the evaluation result（P〈0.05）,which suggested that practice makes repeatability.Some panelists of different career type and education background concluded different results,but no statistical significance was found.Furthermore,four predominant organoleptic parameters,shape,color,texture and section characteristics,were selected based on statistics and panelists＇ discussion to judge the commercial specification of rhubarb.In conclusion,we firstly demonstrated the organoleptic evaluation is an objective and repeatable approach to judge the commercial specification of CMM;and we recommend Delphi method to do validation and standardization for the conventional experiences of traditional Chinese medicine.