明党参居群间植物学形态比较

Comparison on botanical morphology in different populations of Changium smyrnioides

目的：通过居群间植物学形态差异分析,为明党参种质资源评价提供理论依据。方法：对主要分布区10个居群的明党参根和叶的形态进行综合比较,计算居群间叶部形态的相似系数,采用UPGMA方法进行聚类,构建树状图。结果：明党参居群间植物学形态差异显著,株型分为松散型、紧凑型和中间型3类;叶裂分为深裂型、浅裂型和中间型3类;根形有球形、柱形和纺锤形3类。10个居群的明党参叶部形态相似系数差距很大,在0.234 10.985 1。紫金山居群叶部形态最为特殊,在相似系数0.37的水平上,独立形成聚类图上的1个大类。结论：株型松紧度、叶裂深浅和根形可以作为明党参种质资源评价的依据;紫金山居群可以作为一个特殊的明党参种质资源加以利用。

Objective： To analyse botanical morphology in different populations and give a reference for germplasm evaluation of Changium smyrnioides.Method： Roots and leaves were comprehensively compared among 10 populations of Ch.smyrnioides in the main distribution area,the foliar morphology similarity coefficient was calculated,and the systematic relationships were constructed based on UPGMA method.Result： There was significant morphological difference among populations of Ch.smyrnioides.Plant shape was divided into the loosed-type,compacted-type and intermediated-type.Leaf split was divided into the lobated-type,parted-type and intermediate-type.Root shape was divided into spherical-type,column-type and spindle-type.Foliar morphology similarity coefficient differed significantly and ranged from 0.234 1 to 0.985 1 among 10 populations of Ch.smyrnioides.Zijinshan population was divided into a unique group when similarity coefficient was 0.37.Conclusion： Plant tightness,lobation depth and root shape could be used as the basis for germplasm evaluation on Ch.smyrnioides.Zijinshan population could be used as a special germplasm to be exploited.