当事人自我探索、咨询师指导与会谈效果的关系

Relationship Between Client Exploration,Counselor Direction and Session Outcome

目的:考察咨询会谈中,当事人自我探索、咨询师指导与会谈效果的关系。方法:对22个个案的80次会谈录像并转成逐字稿。会谈结束后用《会谈评估问卷》测量当事人对会谈效果的评价。根据逐字稿和录像,按照《当事人行为系统》对当事人的行为进行编码,按照《体验量表》对当事人的体验进行评定。从中抽取30个会谈,按照《咨询师指导性干预量表》对咨询师的指导进行编码。结果:在当事人认同的咨询师指导与会谈效果间存在正相关,r=0.51;指导中的解释和认知重构与会谈效果间存在正相关,r=0.38,r=0.43;自我探索和体验水平与会谈效果相关不显著。结论:预测当事人评定的会谈效果,更有力的因素是当事人认同的咨询师指导,而非当事人的自我探索和体验水平。

Objective： To research the relationship between client exploration, counselor direction and session outcome. Methods： 80 sessions of 22 cases were video recorded and translated into transcripts. Clients were asked to fulfill ＂Session Evaluation Questionnaire＂ to assess session outcome after every session. According to transcripts and videotapes, observers used ＂Client Behavior System＂ and ＂Experiencing Scale＂ to code client behavior and experience. 30 sessions were then picked out, counselor directions were coded by ＂Counselor Direction Scale＂. Results： There was positive correlation （r=-0.51） between session outcome and counselor directions which were agreed by clients. Interpretation and cognitive reconstruction were two directions which positively correlated with session outcome, r=0.38, r=0.43. Client exploration and experience were not correlated with session outcome. Conclusion： Compared with client exploration and experience, the more powerful factor to forecast session outcome assessed by clients, is counselor directions agreed by clients.