吸波材料研究进展

The Research Progress of Wave-Absorbing Materials

由于电磁波在军事、工业及民用产品中的应用迅速增加,电磁干扰已经成为一种新的社会污染,电磁辐射也对人体健康和各种电子设备造成巨大危害。因此具有吸收电磁波功能的材料已成为近年研究和应用的热点。随着隐身与反隐身技术的发展、电真空器件对大功率的需求以及电子通讯的广泛普及,电磁波吸收材料当前功能材料领域的研究热点之一。本文简述了吸波材料吸波物理机理,吸波特性,吸波材料分类以及吸波材料的应用领域。并最终结合实际指出多晶金属纤维、SiC基陶瓷和C/C复合材料是目前性能最佳、应用前景最好的电磁波吸收材料。

Due to the increasing use of GHz electromagnetic waves in military,industrial and commercial applications,the electromagnetic wave interference（EMI）has become a new pollution.The electromagnetic radiation disturbes other electronic facilities,and also deteriorates the health of human being.So,the electromagnetic wave absorption materials have been widely studied and applied.With the development of the stealthy and anti-stealthy,the demand of vacuum devices for high-Power,the widespread popularity of electronic communication,and the electromagnetic pollution increasing,the development of micro-wave absorbing material has been the one of the hot spots in functional materials.It was summarized the physical mechanism of wave-adsorbing materials,the wave-adsorbing quality,the classifications of wave-adsorbing materials and the application fields of wave-adsorbing materials in this article.Finally,it was indicated that the multi-crystal metallic fiber、SiC-based ceramics and C/C composite materials was a optimum properties and a first-rate applied prospects wave-adsorbing materials in the present.