一种适用于动态姿态测量的换星方法

The New Method for the Change of Satellite in the Kinematic Attitude Determination

利用GPS双差载波相位能够进行高精度的相对定位,进而确定载体姿态。该双差模型要求解算过程中接收机对初始历元的可见星进行持续跟踪,因而在卫星"落下"和"升起"时,往往需要重新初始化,使得实际应用中定姿效率受到影响。本文基于单差载波相位观测方程提出一种实用的换星算法,该算法通过动态调整待求的整周模糊度向量,能够有效地处理卫星的"落下"和"升起",以及参考星的变换,保证整个姿态测量过程中算法的连续性,最大程度地利用了所有时刻可见星的观测信息,进一步提高了姿态解算的精度,缩短了初始化时间,提高了解算效率,对于动态姿态测量系统的实际应用具有重要意义。实际测试表明,新的换星算法是有效的。

The high-precision relative positioning results can be obtained by applying the GPS carrier phase double difference observation equation,and then the vehicle attitude will be determined.The double difference model requires the receiver to keep tracking the all satellites which are visible at the initial epoch during the whole observation period,thus it often needs to be re-initialized when the satellites are setting down or rising and the efficiency of application will be affected by that in practice.But if the observation span is long,there will be certain satellites setting or rising so that the method above can＇t handle it.In this paper,the new method of handling the change of satellites is given based on the single difference carrier phase observation equation.They take advantage of all the observation information at each epoch and the efficiency of algorithm is improved which have great significance to the application of kinematic attitude determination.The real data test results suggest that the method is effective.