多溴联苯醚对甲状腺激素干扰毒性的研究进展

Progress in Toxicity of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers on the Thyroid Hormone Disruption

多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)作为阻燃剂广泛用于工业产品和家庭消费品中,是正在受到全球关注的持久性有机污染物。过去25年,环境中及人体内的PBDEs水平不断增高,尤其是乳汁和居住环境灰尘中含量较高,是婴幼儿暴露的主要途径。PBDEs可引起实验动物循环甲状腺激素水平降低、甲状腺细胞形态结构改变等甲状腺毒性。其毒作用机制可能涉及PBDEs对甲状腺激素转运蛋白、甲状腺激素代谢及甲状腺激素受体的影响。本综述基于国内外对PBDEs分子毒理学的研究成果,在扼要介绍其性质的基础上,综合论述PBDEs产生甲状腺激素干扰毒性以及可能的生物学毒性机制,并分析目前PBDEs毒理学研究中存在的问题,展望未来PBDEs分子毒理学的研究方向。

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers（PBDEs）are a class of flame retardants used in a variety of consumer products.In the past 25 years,PBDEs have become ubiquitous persistent organic pollutants.They have been detected in soil,air,sediments,birds,marine species,fish,house dust,human tissues,blood and breast milk.Concentrations of PBDEs are particularly high in breast milk and house dust,resulting in high exposure to infants.Laboratory data showed that PBDEs induced toxicity to thyroid gland including changing the levels of thyroid hormone and the shape and structure of follicular cells.Based on the toxicological researches and findings,we summarized their thyroid toxicity and possible toxicity mechanism,analyzed the existing problems in related research field,and discussed the future research directions on PBDEs.