酶电极中酶固定化方法研究进展

Research Advance of Enzymatic Immobilization in Enzyme Electrode

酶电极是最常用也是最早开发的生物传感器,而固定化酶作为酶电极的关键也得到了广泛的关注。本文介绍了酶电极及固定化酶的特点,重点讨论了制作酶电极的关键技术即酶固定化的方法,包括吸附法、包埋法、共价键合法和交联法等传统方法和静电纺丝法、纳米技术处理等一些新型的固定化方法,并进一步探讨了各种固定化方法的优缺点。

Enzyme electrode is a biosensor, which was applied widely and developed earliest. The immobilization enzyme, which was one of the key of enzyme electrode, has been given more attentions in recent years. In the paper, the characteristics of enzyme electrode and immobilization enzyme were reviewed. The critical technology, enzyme immobilization methods, was discussed. The traditional immobilization tmethods included absorption, entrapment, covalent binding, cross-linking methods. Some new immobilization methods included electrospinning and nano technology. The virtues and defects of various immobilization were discussed and the prospect was predicted.