覆膜喷灌对玉米秸秆腐解率和土壤酶活性影响

Research on the Basic Principles of Crops Yield with Spray Irrigation and Mulching

通过田间试验,对覆膜与喷灌条件下玉米秸秆还田有机物料腐解情况和土壤酶活性季节动态变化进行了研究。结果表明,与玉米常规种植比较,覆膜加喷灌、覆膜与喷灌使玉米秸秆腐解率提高了2.1%~16.7%,对玉米秸秆腐解率大小影响的顺序为覆膜加喷灌、喷灌、覆膜;在玉米秸秆腐解过程中,各处理对土壤转化酶活性和土壤磷酸酶活性均有不同程度的促进作用,分别提高了2.3%~43.5%和1.9%~46.6%;对土壤脲酶活性的影响表现为先抑后促,既在玉米秸秆腐解60 d时表现抑制作用,脲酶活性降低了16.8%~20.7%,相对湿度越大降低幅度越大;120 d时有促进作用,脲酶活性提高了1.1%~18.5%。

This study dealt with the effects of decomposition rate of corn stalks and the dynamic changes of soil enzyme activities with plastic film,spray irrigation,plastic film with spray irrigation,and the CK（no plastic film and spray irrigation） for the corn cultivation.The results showed that the Rate of corn straw decaying raised the rates between 2.1% to 16.7% in the conditions compared with the CK.And the ranking of the influence is that： plastic film with spray irrigation,spray irrigation,plastic film.In the period of the corn straw decaying,it raised invertase activities and soil phosphatase activities,both increased from 2.3% to 43.5% and 1.9% to 46.6%.The effects of urease activities showed that at the decomposition of 60th day it decreased between 16.8% t0 20.7%,at the 120th day it increased by 1.1% to 18.5%.