大武水源地地下水生物降解烃污染物的机理

MECHANISMS OF BIODEGRADATION OF HYDROCARBON CONTAMINANTS IN THE GROUNDWATER IN DAWU WELL FIELD IN ZIBO

近几年的环境调查研究表明，山东省淄博市大武地下水水源地上游邻近石化厂区出现严重的地下管道石油污染物持续泄漏的现象。堠皋—柳杭地段地下水环境在成为集中污染区的同时，水化学环境也发生了迥然的变化：地下水中电子接受体溶解氧、ＮＯ－３几乎未检出，ＳＯ４２－呈低值分布。这是因为地下水中存在微生物降解烃污染物的作用所致，其作用机理包括需氧降解、脱硝降解、脱硫降解以及有Ｆｅ３＋参与的降解作用。然而由于该地段需氧降解、脱硝降解难以持续自行进行，导致生物降解污染物的速度降低。进一步研究生物降解速度，以提高地下水中电子接受体的浓度，增强微生物的活性，将有利于治理方案的制订与实施。

In the recent years, environmental investigations showed that serious leaking of petroleum contaminant occurred in the subsurface environment of petrochamical factory areas in the upgradient of Dawu Well Field While Hougao and Liuhang zones being collecting polluted,hydrochemical environment changed greatly It was the reason that microbial processes, including biodegradations with oxygen,nitrate,sulfate and ferric iron,degraded organic compounds in the groundwater However,hydrogechemical condition were characterized by the absences of nitrate and dissolved oxygen and very low concentration of sulfate The condition would make the rate of biodegradation because of the absence of electric acceptors Therefore,to enhance the activities of microorganisms in the subsurface water by increasing the concentration of electric acceptors would be a feasible Biorestoration method