日粮不同阴阳离子对45日龄肉鸡胫骨软骨发育不良和某些生化指标的影响

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DIETARY ANIONS AND CATIONS ON INCIDENCE OF TIBIAL DYSCHONDROPLASIA AND SOME BIOCHEMICAL INDEXES OF 45 DAY-OLD BROILER CHICKENS

采用３６０只１日龄Ａｖｉａｎ公雏，研究日粮中添加相同毫克当量（１６ｍｅｑ／ｋｇ）的阴阳离子对４５日龄肉仔鸡胫骨软骨发育不良（ＴＤ）和血液某些生化指标的影响。阳离子分别为钙（１．１７％）、钠（０．５３％）、钾（１．５１％）和镁（０．３５％）；阴离子分别为氯（０．８３％），磷（０．７２％）和硫（０．５７％）。结果表明：高氯、磷、硫均不同程度地诱发４５日龄肉鸡ＴＤ的发生（Ｐ＜０．０５），而添加阳离子将ＴＤ的发生率降至零。以诱发ＴＤ发生率的能力为指标，磷离子＞氯离子＞硫离子。氯、磷离子显著降低了红细胞血红蛋白浓度（ＭＣＨＣ，Ｐ＜０．０５），损害了血氧运输效率。阴阳离子对４５日龄肉鸡的血液、胫骨发育其它指标均没有显著性影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。４５日龄肉鸡的血液酸碱平衡、血红蛋白、胫骨发育及体增重均出现代偿性变化，ＴＤ发生率也有下降的趋势。这说明肉鸡在生长后期（２１～４５日龄）对酸碱平衡的适应或调节能力增强。

male Avian broiler chicks of 1 day of age were caged to investigate effects of different anions and cations with same milliequivalent (161 meq/kg)on incidence of tibial dyschondryplasia(TD) and some blood biochemical indexes from 21 to 45 days of age.The dietary cations include calcium (1.17%),sodium(0.53%),potassium (1.51%),magnesium (0.35%);and the anions include chloride (0.83%),phosphorus(0.72%) and sulfate(0.57%). The high contentrations of dietary anions of chloride,phosphorus and sulfate increased the incidence of TD significantly and the incidence of TD at 45 days of age were reduced to zero when broiler chicks were fed diets with supplemental different cations.Dietary anions of chloride and phosphorus decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) significantly which indicated that dietary anions decreased blood oxygen transition.In contrast to 21 days of age,blood acid-base balance,blood HGB,tibial development and body gain of 45 days of age broiler chicks changed broileras a result of paying back.The incidence of TD tended to decrease.